功能区胶质瘤外科辅助技术进展

大脑功能区胶质瘤在手术过程中经常会损伤锥体束或弓状束、运动皮质等重要功能结构，这些功能结构受损后可导致术后肢体瘫痪、视野缺损、失语、认知障碍等神经功能缺失。最大限度安全切除肿瘤不但可以延长脑胶质瘤患者的总体生存期和无进展生存期，还能提高患者术后生存质量。然而，由于肿瘤位于或者邻近功能区，如何能在保护患者神经功能不受损的前提下最大限度切除功能区胶质瘤，至今仍是神经外科领域的难题。随着科学技术的发展，功能区胶质瘤的手术治疗技术也有了快速发展，本文从术中荧光、术中超声、术中唤醒麻醉、术中核磁共振成像等方面对功能区胶质瘤近年来手术治疗技术进展进行综述。

Glioma in brain functional area often damage important functional structures such as pyramidal tract or arcuate tract and motor cortex during operation. These functional structures can lead to postoperative neurological impairment such as limb paralysis, visual field defect, aphasia and cognitive impairment. Maximum safe tumor resection can not only prolong the overall survival time and progression-free survival time of patients with glioma, but also improve the quality of life of patients after operation. However, the tumor is located in or near brain functional area, how to maximize the resection of glioma in the functional area without impaired neurological function is still a difficult problem in the field of neurosurgery. With the development of science and technology, the surgical treatment technology of functional glioma has developed rapidly. This paper reviews the progress of surgical treatment of functional glioma in recent years from the aspects of intraoperative fluorescence, intraoperative ultrasound, intraoperative awakening anesthesia, intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging and so on.