延髓成熟畸胎瘤1例并文献复习

目的探讨延髓畸胎瘤临床特征及诊疗经验。方法回顾性分析首都医科大学宣武医院2021年1月收治的１例延髓畸胎瘤患者的临床资料，总结其临床表现、影像学特征和治疗方法，并对相关文献进行总结。结果该患者延髓占位，经枕下后正中入路手术治疗后，病理诊断为成熟型畸胎瘤。术后未出现严重并发症及其他神经系统异常。术后核磁共振成像（MRI）示肿瘤全切，症状消失。结论计算机断层扫描、MRI及肿瘤标志物联合病理可确诊延髓畸胎瘤，首选手术切除。

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment experience of medullary oblongata teratoma. Methods The clinical data of a patient with medulla oblongata teratoma admitted to Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University in January 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. Its clinical manifestations, imaging features and treatment methods were summarized, and the relevant literature was reviewed. Results The patient underwent a craniotomy via a midline suboccipital approach due to medulla oblongata occupying, and the pathological diagnosis was mature teratoma. No serious complications or other neurological abnormalities occurred after surgery. Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) indicated that the tumor was totally resected and the symptoms disappeared. Conclusion Computer tomography, MRI and tumor markers combined with pathology can diagnose medullary teratoma, and surgical resection is the first choice.