外泌体中microRNAs在神经胶质瘤中的研究进展

外泌体是一种膜源性囊泡，在尿液、精液、血液、眼泪、淋巴液、脑脊液等体液中稳定存在。在电子显微镜下，它们呈杯状或碟状。一般尺寸在25~100 nm左右。人体内的各种细胞可以释放不同类型的外泌体，其中包含microRNA、mRNA、蛋白质和其他遗传物质，其在细胞通讯中起重要作用，尤其是在调控细胞的生长，构建细胞生长环境等方面。本文针对外泌体中的microRNA在胶质瘤的相关方面进行总结。

Exosomes are membrane-derived vesicles, which exist stably in urine, semen, blood, tears, lymph, cerebrospinal fluid and other body fluids. Under the electron microscope, they are cup-shaped or dish-shaped. Generally, the size is about 25-100 nm. Various cells in the human body can release different types of exosomes, including microRNA, mRNA, protein and other genetic materials, which play an important role in cell communication, especially in regulating cell growth and constructing cell growth environment. This paper summarizes the related aspects of microRNA in exocrine body in glioma.